Quantitative: Mass
per unit volume.
Density can also be
described as how
closely and tightly
packed the material
may be.
Useful Equation
Density = Mass/Volume
Below: Diagram illustrating the density.
Specific Gravity
Definition
Ratio of how dense a substance might be
comparatively to density of water
Useful Equation
SG = (Density of Material)/(Density of Water)
Vapor Pressure
Definition
Vapor
pressure is
maximum
pressure at
which above
this pressure,
water will
undergo
boiling.
Properties of Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure is always dependent on temperature.
The higher the temperature goes, the higher the vapor
pressure.
Application In Industry
Specific Gravity of a
fluid tells us how much
lighter or heavier it is
than water. Hence, a
lighter oil means less
cost of transportation,
which can optimize
the cost of transportation.
Knowing the vapor
pressure of a fluid helps
in avoiding cavitation in
pipelines.