Topic 25 Renal Function

Which of the following are functions of the kidneys

Regarding blood supply to the kidneys, a portal system exists where

3 basic processes occur in the nephron of the kidney in order to produce urine. They are

The majority of the reabsorption that occurs in the nephron takes place in the

Hormonal control of water and salt balance takes place at the

TRUE or FALSE The amount of solute excreted in the urine is equal to the amount of solute that is secreted from the peritubular capillaries into the lumen of the renal tubules

When referring to renal function, what is meant by the term filtrate?

Under normal conditions, what percentage of plasma is filtered into the glomerular capsule at the renal corpuscle

TRUE OR FALSE The 3 pressures that determine filtration of plasma from the glomerular capillaries into the glomerular capsule are: hydrostatic pressure of blood flowing through capillaries, colloid osmotic pressure created by proteins in capillaries, and hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the glomerular capsule

Glomerular filtration rate is influenced by

TRUE or FALSE Local controls regulate the resistance in the afferent and efferent arterioles and this results in a relatively constant glomerular filtration rate(GFR) despite fluctuations in blood pressure that occur

If the walls of the afferent arteriole are stretched due to an increase in blood pressure, this will result in

The specialised region of the kidney that monitors blood pressure and salt and water balance is the

TRUE or FALSE The 2 local controls that act in the kidney to regulate glomerular filtration rate are neural control via sympathetic stimulation and hormonal control via angiotensin and prostaglandins

TRUE or FALSE When GFR increases, the feedback from the juxtaglomerular apparatus will result in a decrease in GFR via vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

As the kidney tubules have the same solute concentration as the ecf, in order for solutes and water to be reabsorbed from the filtrate in the tubule lumen back into the peritubular capillaries

TRUE or FALSE Under normal conditions, glucose is filtered into the proximal tubule and is excreted in the urine

When glucose transporters in the proximal tubule have reached saturation

The transfer of molecules from the peritubular capillaries to the lumen of kidney tubules is known as

Secretion of substances from peritubular capillaries to tubule lumen is achieved mainly via

TRUE or FALSE Normal urine contains glucose, amino acids water and electrolytes

TRUE or FALSE Renal clearance is a measure of how many mLs of plasma per minute are cleared of a certain solute eg; if the GFR is 100 mL/min, and if 100% of the solute is reabsorbed, then the renal clearance will be 100 mL/min

TRUE or FALSE Urination occurs as the result of a reflex loop that begins with the stimulus of increased stretch on receptors in the bladder wall