Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology- 5th Year PMU

Descrição

Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Quiz por Med Student , atualizado more than 1 year ago
Med Student
Criado por Med Student quase 5 anos atrás
179
8

Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Placebo is
Responda
  • allergic drug reaction
  • drug form, without active substance
  • method for treatment of acute pain
  • drug tolerance

Questão 2

Questão
Tobacco smoking
Responda
  • increases drugs metabolism
  • decreases drug metabolism
  • decreases plasma concentrations of methylxanthines
  • doesn’ t change drugs metabolism

Questão 3

Questão
Nocebo effect is
Responda
  • Allergic drug reaction
  • Analgesic method
  • Adverse drug reaction, caused by placebo
  • CNS depression

Questão 4

Questão
When patient and doctor are aware of the contents of the formulation, the trial is defined as
Responda
  • open trial
  • blind trial
  • placebo trial
  • double-blind trial

Questão 5

Questão
Surrogates in rational pharmacotherapy are
Responda
  • clinical- laboratory indexes
  • instrumental investigations - ECG; EMG; MRT etc
  • disease improvement
  • decreased mortality rate

Questão 6

Questão
Pharmacodynamic changes in elderly are
Responda
  • increased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
  • decreased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
  • paradoxal reactions are observed
  • adverse drug reactions are more frequent

Questão 7

Questão
Steady-state plasma concentration is
Responda
  • blood concentration of the drug 2 hours after administration
  • blood concentration of the drug after repeated administration when there is a balance between absorption and excretion
  • blood concentration of the drug after it has been ceased
  • blood concentration of the drug during its absorption

Questão 8

Questão
Drugs half-life is an index for
Responda
  • the route of administration of the drug
  • the duration of the drug effect when there is a relationship between it and plasma concentrations
  • time to reach steady-state plasma concentration after repeated administration
  • determination of dose interval

Questão 9

Questão
Drugs contraindicated in the first half of pregnancy are
Responda
  • Erythromycin
  • Sex steroids
  • Penicillins
  • Oral anticoagulants

Questão 10

Questão
For pharmacokinetics in elderly is true
Responda
  • decreased excretion
  • decreased metabolism
  • decreased volume of distribution
  • increased volume of distribution

Questão 11

Questão
Reasons for inadequate pharmaceutical availability are
Responda
  • chronic renal failure
  • improper use of the drug formulation
  • bad quality of the drug substance
  • participating in treatment

Questão 12

Questão
Categories of ADRs are
Responda
  • certain
  • probable
  • possible
  • unlikely

Questão 13

Questão
Therapeutic drug monitoring is
Responda
  • method for neuroleptanalgesy
  • used when there is relationship between plasma concentrations and drug effect
  • used for drugs with narrow therapeutic window
  • used for drugs with long half- live

Questão 14

Questão
Irrational ready-made drug formulations contain
Responda
  • drugs with different half-life
  • drugs for ethiotropic and symptomatic treatment
  • drugs with narrow therapeutic window
  • drugs affecting different pathogenic mechanisms

Questão 15

Questão
First phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Responda
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Questão 16

Questão
Binding of drugs with plasma proteins is important for
Responda
  • half- life
  • drugs interactions
  • bioavailabillity
  • the value of the pharmacological effect

Questão 17

Questão
Adverse drug reactions lead to
Responda
  • increased pharmacological effect
  • decreased risk of toxicity
  • decreased efficacy of the treatment
  • developement of unpredictable drug effects

Questão 18

Questão
Bad compliance of the patient may be due to
Responda
  • dose regimen with many drugs with frequent administration
  • a large number of drugs
  • lack of information for the treatment
  • the drug must be taken once daily

Questão 19

Questão
Fourth phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Responda
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Questão 20

Questão
Drugs clearance is
Responda
  • Amount of drug, that reaches systemic circulation
  • Blood plasma volume from which the drug is eliminated for defined period of time
  • Steady- state plasma concentration
  • Withdrawal syndrome

Questão 21

Questão
Monitoring of therapeutic plasma concentrations is necessary for
Responda
  • theophyllin
  • phenobarbital
  • carbamazepin
  • amoxicillin

Questão 22

Questão
Third phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Responda
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Questão 23

Questão
Clearance is an index for
Responda
  • drugs excretion
  • determination of mantaining dose of the drugs
  • drugs absorbtion
  • effects of the drugs on the heart

Questão 24

Questão
Pharmacogenetic differences lead to
Responda
  • decreased effect
  • increased effect
  • development of adverse drug reactions
  • avitaminosis

Questão 25

Questão
Drug surveillance is done by
Responda
  • spontaneous reporting
  • observation studies
  • family doctors
  • population statistics

Questão 26

Questão
Adverse drug reactions are the following types
Responda
  • augmented
  • bizarre
  • chronic
  • delayed

Questão 27

Questão
Mechanisms of drug interactions are
Responda
  • unpredictable
  • pharmacokinetic
  • pharmacodynamic
  • pharmaceutical

Questão 28

Questão
The quality of therapeutic decision (outcomes) can be measured by
Responda
  • clinical outcomes
  • costs — direct and indirect
  • functional status pf patient
  • overall patient satisfaction

Questão 29

Questão
Method of evaluation of cost/benefits ration are
Responda
  • cost minimization analysis
  • cost effectiveness analysis
  • cost utility analysis
  • cost consequence analysis

Questão 30

Questão
Drug metabolism involving some enzyme defects includes the following reactions
Responda
  • acetylation
  • oxidation
  • hydrolysis
  • red cells enzyme defects

Questão 31

Questão
The reasons for drug abuse are
Responda
  • relief of anxiety, tension and depression
  • entertainment, fun
  • improvement of performance in competitive sports
  • conformity with own social subgroup

Questão 32

Questão
How many types of dependence do you know?
Responda
  • psychological
  • physical (physiological)
  • acute
  • chronic

Questão 33

Questão
Which pharmacological drug groups cause drug dependence and tolerance?
Responda
  • Opioid analgesics
  • Antidepressants
  • CNS stimulants
  • Benzodiazepines

Questão 34

Questão
The neuropharmacological mechanisms of drug addiction are
Responda
  • activation of endogenous opiate encephalin receptors
  • activation of μ-opioid receptors in the brain
  • activation of cannabinoid receptors (CB1) in the hypothalamus
  • increase of glutamate release in the brain cortex

Questão 35

Questão
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
Responda
  • it develops after 6-weeks of treatment
  • it develops after 2 weeks of treatment
  • psychological symptoms — anxiety, agitation, insomnia, seizures
  • physical symptoms — nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, ataxia

Questão 36

Questão
Opioid (heroin, morphine) withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
Responda
  • begins 8 hours after last dose
  • the peak is between 36-72 h
  • first physical symptoms are lacrimation, rhinorrhea and sweating
  • abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, bone and muscle pain, weakness and chills

Questão 37

Questão
Why is methadone used for treatment of opioid-dependence?
Responda
  • it is taken orally
  • it is applied intravenously
  • has prolonged action
  • has short-action

Semelhante

Infectious Diseases Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Oncology Final MCQs 1- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Dermatology Final MCQs 3- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Clinical Pharmacology Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Epidemiology Test 1- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Respiratory Disorders Clinical Pharmacology- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Pain and Some Neurological Disorders- Clinical Pharmacology 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Cell Physiology and General Physiology of Excitable Tissues- Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Med Student
General Physiology of the Nervous System Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Med Student
Blood MCQs Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Med Student
General Pathoanatomy Final MCQs (111-200)- 3rd Year- PMU
Med Student