The Muscles of Respiration

When the diaphragm contracts in inspiration, what do the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall do?

When the diaphragm relaxes in expiration, what do the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall do?

Why is it more difficult to breathe when lying down?

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the muscles of the chest wall, in particular the intercostal muscles.

The following questions will be on the muscles of the pectoral region. Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the PECTORALIS MAJOR muscle. ORIGIN: medial [blank_start]clavicle[blank_end], [blank_start]sternum[blank_end], [blank_start]costal cartilages[blank_end] 1-6, aponeurosis of [blank_start]external oblique[blank_end] INSERTION: [blank_start]intertubercular sulcus[blank_end] of the humerus ACTION: a[blank_start]dduction[blank_end], [blank_start]medial[blank_end] rotation and flexion of the upper limb, [blank_start]anteroinferior[blank_end] draw of the scapula INNERVATION: lateral [blank_start](C5-C7)[blank_end] and medial [blank_start](C8-T1)[blank_end] pectoral nerves

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the PECTORALIS MINOR muscle. ORIGIN: ribs [blank_start]3-5[blank_end] INSERTION: [blank_start]coracoid process[blank_end] of scapula ACTION: stabilisation of the scapula by [blank_start]anteroinferior[blank_end] draw INNERVATION: [blank_start]medial pectoral nerve (C5-C7)[blank_end]

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the SERRATUS ANTERIOR muscle. ORIGIN: [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] aspects of ribs [blank_start]1-8[blank_end] INSERTION: costal surface of the [blank_start]medial[blank_end] border of the scapula ACTION: [blank_start]rotation[blank_end] of the scapula and stabilisation of the scapula against the ribcage INNERVATION: [blank_start]long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)[blank_end]

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the SUBCLAVIUS muscle. ORIGIN: junction of the [blank_start]1st rib[blank_end] and its costal cartilage INSERTION: inferior surface of the middle third of the [blank_start]clavicle[blank_end] ACTION: anchorage and [blank_start]depression[blank_end] of the clavicle INNERVATION: nerve to subclavius [blank_start](C5 and C6)[blank_end]

Which of the following muscles are recruited for forced inspiration during respiratory distress?

Drag and drop the correct answers to show the accessory muscles of inspiration in the neck.

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID muscle. ORIGIN: [blank_start]manubrium[blank_end] of the sternum and [blank_start]medial third[blank_end] of the clavicle INSERTION: [blank_start]mastoid process[blank_end] of the skull ACTION: unilateral contraction gives [blank_start]ipsilateral[blank_end] flexion and [blank_start]rotation[blank_end] of the neck, [blank_start]bilateral[blank_end] contraction gives [blank_start]extension[blank_end] of the head/neck, [blank_start]elevation[blank_end] of the clavicle and sternum INNERVATION: accessory nerve [blank_start](CNXI)[blank_end] and branches of [blank_start]cervical plexus[blank_end] (C2-C3)

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the ANTERIOR SCALENE muscle. ORIGIN: [blank_start]anterior[blank_end] tubercles of [blank_start]transverse processes[blank_end] of [blank_start]C3-C6[blank_end] INSERTION: scalene tubercle of the [blank_start]1st rib[blank_end] ACTION: [blank_start]elevation[blank_end] of the first rib, unilateral contraction gives [blank_start]ipsilateral lateral flexion[blank_end] of the neck, bilateral contraction gives [blank_start]anterior flexion[blank_end] of the neck INNERVATION: [blank_start]C5-C6[blank_end]

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the MIDDLE SCALENE muscle. ORIGIN: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] tubercles of the [blank_start]transverse processes[blank_end] of [blank_start]C2-C7[blank_end] INSERTION: scalene tubercle of [blank_start]first rib[blank_end] ACTION: [blank_start]elevation[blank_end] of the first rib, [blank_start]unilateral[blank_end] contraction gives [blank_start]ipsilateral[blank_end] lateral flexion of neck INNERVATION: anterior rami of [blank_start]C3-C8[blank_end]

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the POSTERIOR SCALENE muscle. ORIGIN: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] tubercles of [blank_start]transverse processe[blank_end]s of [blank_start]C5-C7[blank_end] INSERTION: [blank_start]second rib[blank_end] ACTION: elevation of the [blank_start]second[blank_end] rib, [blank_start]ipsilateral[blank_end] lateral flexion of the neck INNERVATION: [blank_start]C6-C8[blank_end]

What name is given to the condition whereby at least 3 ribs are fractures in 2 places, causing that region of the chest wall to free itself and move independently?

During inspiration, the flail segment of a chest wall will...

During expiration, the flail segment of a flail chest will...

Why does flail chest cause respiratory distress?

When we fix the upper arm against a solid surface, which muscle to we recruit to elevate the chest?

Which of the following muscles are the principle muscles of inspiration?

Which of the following muscles are the accessory muscles of inspiration?

During quiet breathing, how do we achieve expiration?

Which of the following muscles do we use in expiration during active breathing?