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PHSI3011 05-2 Maintenance of Bone Health

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PHSI3011 05-2 Maintenance of Bone Health
Michael Jardine
Quiz by Michael Jardine, updated more than 1 year ago
Michael Jardine
Created by Michael Jardine about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
If Resorption < Formation:
Answer
  • ↑ Bone Mass
  • ↓ Bone Mass

Question 2

Question
Which of the following are bone mass determinants:
Answer
  • Genetics
  • Age
  • Mechanical loading
  • Protein intake
  • Calcium intake
  • Vitamin D
  • Sex steroids
  • Vitamin C

Question 3

Question
Sclerostin is released by which of the following?
Answer
  • Osteocytes
  • Osteoblasts
  • Osteoclasts
  • Lining Cells

Question 4

Question
Sclerostin __________ Wnt signalling in Osteoblasts/Osteocytes
Answer
  • Inhibits
  • Stimulates

Question 5

Question
With deformity of bone (on loading), sclerostin secretion:
Answer
  • Increases
  • Decreases

Question 6

Question
SOST = ??
Answer
  • SclerOSTin
  • Stimulated by OSTeocyte

Question 7

Question
Obligatory urine Calcium loss is [blank_start]__________[blank_end] mg/d (although [blank_start]__________[blank_end] after menopause).
Answer
  • 150-200
  • 1000
  • 25
  • 300
  • More
  • Less

Question 8

Question
Recommended daily allowance for calcium changes according to age, but broadly mostly around:
Answer
  • 1000
  • 70
  • 150-200
  • 700
  • 2000
  • 1500-2000
  • 25
  • 300

Question 9

Question
Vitamin D [blank_start]__________[blank_end] gut Calcium absorption:
Answer
  • Decreases
  • Increases

Question 10

Question
A non-Calcium-rich diet will usually have approximately [blank_start]__________[blank_end] mg/d Calcium. This is [blank_start]__________[blank_end]% of recommended intake.
Answer
  • 300
  • 1000
  • 150-200
  • 30
  • 15-20
  • 25
  • 100
  • 70

Question 11

Question
True or false: Exposure to the sun is [normally] our main source of Vitamin D.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
True or false: Diet is [normally] our main source of Vitamin D.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
What’s the recommended daily intake of Vitamin D?
Answer
  • 1000IU (25μg)
  • 25IU (1000μg)

Question 14

Question
Which of the following accelerates Vitamin D degradation?
Answer
  • Some medications
  • LOW Calcium intake
  • HIGH Calcium intake
  • HIGH PTH
  • LOW PTH

Question 15

Question
Which of the following groups are commonly associated with increased risk of Vitamin D deficiency?
Answer
  • Geriatric admissions to hospital
  • Dark-skinned people, especially with modest dress
  • Obese people
  • Fair skinned people with severe tan
  • Fair skinned people who avoid sun because of skin cancer risk
  • Office workers
  • Night shift workers
  • Farmers

Question 16

Question
In a study of 100 office workers in Sydney, sunscreen users had [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Vitamin D levels compared to non-users.
Answer
  • Higher
  • Lower

Question 17

Question
How does Vitamin D help bone health?
Answer
  • Increases gut Calcium absorption
  • Facilitates bone mineralisation
  • Important for muscle function
  • Permits release of bone stores of Calcium
  • It doesn’t

Question 18

Question
Vitamin D deficiency leads to increased bone turnover. Severe Vitamin D deficiency leads [primarily] to?
Answer
  • Osteomalacia
  • Osteoporosis
  • Both of the above
  • Neither of the above

Question 19

Question
Adequate levels of [blank_start]__________[blank_end] are needed to maximise Calcium absorption and [blank_start]__________[blank_end] ParaThyroid Hormone (PTH).
Answer
  • 25OHD
  • 25HD
  • 25OD
  • 2OH5D
  • 20O5HD
  • Suppress
  • Increase

Question 20

Question
25OHD = ??
Answer
  • 25(OH) vitamin D
  • 1,25(OH) vitamin D
  • 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D
  • 25(OH)2 vitamin D

Question 21

Question
Severe CALCIUM deficiency can lead to:
Answer
  • Osteoporosis
  • Osteomalacia
  • Rickets

Question 22

Question
Severe VITAMIN D deficiency can lead to Osteomalacia/Rickets. Are they the same thing?
Answer
  • Yeah
  • Nah

Question 23

Question
Which of the following helps to maintain normal balance between bone formation and resorption:
Answer
  • Androgens
  • Oestrogens
  • Both of the above
  • Neither of the above

Question 24

Question
True or False: Oestrogens help to keep bone cells alive.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
True or False: Androgens help to keep bone cells alive.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
True or false: Anorexia leads to weak bones solely through nutrient deficiency.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Glucocorticoids (Cortisone etc) are catabolic at pharmacologic doses. Where does each manifestation occur? ↓ Calcium absorption in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; ↑ Calcium losses in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; ↓ IGF-1 in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end];
Answer
  • Gut
  • Kidney
  • Bone

Question 28

Question
Protein intake helps:
Answer
  • Bone function
  • Muscle function
  • Both of the above
  • Neither of the above

Question 29

Question
If a diet contains inadequate Calcium to replace urinary losses, what happens?
Answer
  • Raid bones for Calcium
  • Nothing
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