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PHYSIO Exam #1
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Questions in this quiz (34)
1The Nerntz potential for Na+ does not suggest that the concentration of this ion is equal on both sides of the membrane.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2The movement of water across a membrane is always an active process requiring primary active transport.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3The Nernst Equation is important for:
- ADetermining the absolute membrane potential.
- BDetermining the electrical potential difference, for a single ion, needed to counter the concentration difference.
- CDetermining the electrical potential difference, for multiple ions, needed to counter the concentration difference.
- DDetermining the concentration difference, for multiple, needed to counter the electrical potential difference.
4When determining the "equilibrium potential" for Na+, we have to assume the membrane is permeable to all solutes.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Any difference in energy across a membrane is considered the ___________ that pushes a molecule in one direction of the other.
- Amagnum force
- Bcarrier force
- Cdelta force
- Ddriving force
6To initiate the action potential of the cell's resting membrane potential must first be changed to reach the threshold of voltage-gates sodium channels.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7Which process listed below is most responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradient of a resting membrane?
- Afacilitated diffusion of Na+
- BNa+/K+ pump
- CCa storage
- DStarbuck's coffee
8If a positively charged ion is more concentrated inside the cell, the electrical forces required to balance the chemical gradient would be directed ____________. Thus, the equilibrium potential (which reflects the voltage inside of the cell) for this ion would be __________ charged.
- Ainward; positively
- Boutward; negatively
- Coutward; positively
- Dinward; negatively
9Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the membrane potential were allowed to reach the equilibrium potential for Na+, in which direction (at the moment equilibrium is reached) would overall Na+ movement be?
- Ainward
- Boutward
- Cno net movement
- Dvaries by cell
10The initial rapid change in resting membrane voltage (potential) seen during an action potential is called the "repolarization phase".
- ATrue
- BFalse
11The functioning (physiology) of our body is dependent and mimics the functioning of _____________.
- Acell
- Btissue
- Corgan
- Dall of the above
12The largest concentration of the body’s water resides in the ____________________.
- AExtracellular fluid
- BPlasma
- CIntracellular fluid
- DInterstitial fluid
13Na+ has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid, than in the intracellular fluid.
- ATrue
- BFalse
14In warm weather, particular sensors within the body may sense that the body temperature is increasing. In response the systems of the body respond by trying to decrease the temperature change. This is an example of________________________.
- AStarbuck’s coffee reaction
- BOsmotic control, moving water from inside the body out
- CHomeostasic control systems
- DI don’t know
15Lactose is a disaccharide composed of ...
- AGlucose and Lactose
- BGalactose and Glucose
- CGalactose and Fructose
- DFructose and Glucose
16Which statement about enzymes is not true?
- AEnzymes are generally proteins
- BFor enzymes to be active they should first bind/link to a reactant molecule (substrate)
- CAre usually one dimensional in shape and function.
- DCan catalyze a reaction between to other molecules.
17The enzyme _______ catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain that contains DNA (deoxyribose sugars).
- ARNA polymerase.
- Bhelicase.
- CDNA polymerase.
- Dhistone.
18The Mitochondria –
- ACan vary in number from cell to cell
- BUtilizes Aerobic mechanisms (electron transport chain) to produce ATP
- CUses phospholipids for its membrane
- DAll of the above
19The Golgi apparatus sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20The property of phospholipids can be described as ___________.
- AA single polar region that is miscible in aqueous solution.
- BA hydrophobic region that associates with water and hydrophilic regions that face one another.
- CA hydrophilic region that associates with water and hydrophobic regions that face one another.
- DNone of the above
21Which statement is NOT an accurate description of HOMEOSTATIC mechanisms of the body?
- AThey function through either positive or negative feedback systems.
- BThey maintain each regulated variable around a set point.
- CThey maintain a constant internal environment in the face of a variable external environment.
- DThey have an unlimited capacity to respond to changes in the external environment.
22The _________________ is the site where lipids, triglycerides, and steroids are synthesized, as well as where calcium is stored within the cell.
- ARough endoplasmic reticulum
- BSmooth endoplasmic reticulum
- CLysosomes.
- DNone of the above
23The enzymes of glycolysis are located within the ______________ of the cell.
- Ainner mitochondrial membrane
- Bouter cell membrane
- Clysosome
- Dcytoplasm
24The concentration of Na+ in mammalian systems is generally
- ALower outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.
- BHigher outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.
- CEqual on both sides of the cell membrane
- DNot an issue due to the ions permeability of the membrane.
25The rate of diffusion in an open solution is dependent on several factors including concentration gradient, permeability across the membrane, viscosity of the fluid, and temperature.
- ATrue
- BFalse
26Which choice below does not play a role in determining osmolarity?
- AConcentration of solute
- BPermeability
- CSolutes that can cross the membrane
- DSolutes that can not cross the membrane
27Active transport differs from facilitated diffusion in that it uses energy to move a substance (downhill) in the direction of its concentration or electrical gradient.
- ATrue
- BFalse
28Passive transport of an ion requires that it move down its concentration gradient.
- ATrue
- BFalse
29Properties associated with protein membrane active transporters is/are -
- ASelectivity
- BUses energy from solute concentration gradient
- CUses energy stored in ATP bonds
- DAll of the above
30Which statement below is true?
- AVoltage across a membrane is “pressure”.
- BA Concentration differences across a membrane is a “pressure”.
- CThe cell membrane containing a cell can be considered a “pressure”
- DAll of the above are true
31Osmotic pressure is the pressure necessary to prevent the movement of water across a membrane.
- ATrue
- BFalse
32Sodium-linked glucose transport, where both Na+ and glucose are moving in the same direction, is an example of
_____________.- Acountertransport.
- BSecondary active transport.
- Cantiport.
- DPrimary active transport.
33The Na+/K+ pump is an excellent example of secondary active transport.
- ATrue
- BFalse
34Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the voltage across the membrane of the cell were to reach the
equilibrium potential for Na+, at the moment it reaches equilibrium, in which direction would the net Na+ movement be?- AInward
- Boutward
- Cvaries by cell
- DNo net movement of Na+
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