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MNT Renal Disorders

Description

Quiz on MNT Renal Disorders, created by amber.rebel on 06/11/2015.
amber.rebel
Quiz by amber.rebel, updated more than 1 year ago
amber.rebel
Created by amber.rebel about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
With which condition would you see a negative phosphorus balance with normal phosphorus intakes?
Answer
  • Calcium stones
  • Idiopathic hypercalciuria
  • Enteric hyperoxaluria
  • Cystine stones

Question 2

Question
How much calcium per day is recommended for a person with oxalate stones?
Answer
  • 1500-2500mg
  • 900-1300mg
  • 500-1200mg
  • 800-1200 mg

Question 3

Question
Which of the following foods is NOT low in oxalate?
Answer
  • Spinach
  • Legumes
  • Nuts
  • Rhubarb

Question 4

Question
Which of the following is NOT an acidic food?
Answer
  • Wheat bread
  • Gelatin desserts
  • Coffee
  • Cheese

Question 5

Question
With which stones do we recommend a diet high in alkaline foods?
Answer
  • Oxalate stones
  • Cystine stones
  • Uric acid stones
  • Struvite stones

Question 6

Question
When a patient has uric acid stones, we would recommend that they avoid _____ foods?
Answer
  • alkaline
  • citrate
  • acidic
  • purine containing

Question 7

Question
Each kidney contains about how many nephrons?
Answer
  • 100,000
  • 1,000,000
  • 10,000
  • 10,000,000

Question 8

Question
From the ureter, urine goes to the
Answer
  • bladder
  • loop of Henle
  • nephron
  • glomerulus

Question 9

Question
Sodium is regulated by the kidneys at the expense of all other substances in an effort to maintain
Answer
  • urine concentration
  • glomerulus filtration rate
  • urine volume
  • blood volume

Question 10

Question
Water excretion is regulated by
Answer
  • erythropoietin
  • antidiuretic hormone
  • calcitonin
  • parathyroid hormone

Question 11

Question
Nephritic syndrome is characterized by
Answer
  • hemoturia
  • proteinuria
  • azotemia
  • oliguria

Question 12

Question
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by
Answer
  • hematuria
  • proteinuria
  • azotemia
  • oliguria

Question 13

Question
During acute renal failure, daily energy needs (for adults) are estimated to be _____ kcal/kg IBW.
Answer
  • 10 to 20
  • 20 to 30
  • 30 to 40
  • 40 to 50

Question 14

Question
Chronic interstitial nephritis is treated mainly by
Answer
  • potassium restriction
  • sodium restriction
  • adequate fluid administration
  • protein restriction

Question 15

Question
A juice used in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections is _____ juice.
Answer
  • apple
  • prune
  • orange
  • cranberry

Question 16

Question
Which of the following is an acid-producing food?
Answer
  • Meat
  • Broccoli
  • Carrots
  • Milk

Question 17

Question
In hemodialysis, daily dietary protein needs are about _____ g/kg.
Answer
  • 0.8
  • 1.2
  • 1.5
  • 0.6

Question 18

Question
In peritoneal dialysis, daily dietary protein needs are about _____ g/kg.
Answer
  • 0.8
  • 1 to 1.2
  • 1.2 to 1.5
  • 0.6

Question 19

Question
In hemodialysis, the usual sodium restriction is _____ g/day.
Answer
  • 1 to 2
  • 2 to 3
  • 4 to 6
  • 6 to 8

Question 20

Question
Which of these should be supplemented in a patient who is undergoing dialysis?
Answer
  • Vitamin B12
  • Vitamin K
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin B6

Question 21

Question
In ESRD, which of these is optimal?
Answer
  • High calcium and phosphorus intake
  • Low calcium and phosphorus intake
  • Low calcium intake and high phosphorus intake
  • High calcium intake and low phosphorus intake

Question 22

Question
Which of these is typically elevated in ESRD?
Answer
  • Triglyceride level
  • LDL cholesterol level
  • Cholesterol level
  • HDL cholesterol level

Question 23

Question
Postdialysis hypoglycemia results from the abrupt ending of
Answer
  • hemodialysis
  • peritoneal dialysis
  • glucose supply in intradialytic parenteral nutrition
  • none of the above

Question 24

Question
Hypertrophy of the parathyroid gland results in over secretion of PTH and
Answer
  • hyperglycemia
  • bone demineralization
  • hyponatremia
  • oxalate stone formation

Question 25

Question
The major nutritional concern in children with ESRD is
Answer
  • vitamin status
  • promotion of normal growth and development
  • hypercholesterolemia
  • hypophosphatemia

Question 26

Question
Anemia in patients with ESRD is most often treated with
Answer
  • folate and vitamin B12 supplements
  • blood transfusions
  • oral iron supplements
  • recombinant human erythropoietin and IV or intramuscular iron

Question 27

Question
For patients with kidney stones, the most important aspect of medical nutrition therapy is
Answer
  • avoiding high intakes of animal protein
  • high fluid intake to produce 2 to 2.5 L urine daily
  • reducing intake of dietary oxalate and vitamin C
  • decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake

Question 28

Question
In patients receiving hemodialysis, fluid restrictions are related to
Answer
  • urine output
  • sodium intake
  • phosphorus intake
  • risk of kidney stones

Question 29

Question
Which types of stones are amenable to dissolution therapy in the form of ECSWL?
Answer
  • Calcium stones
  • Melamine and Indinavir stones
  • Struvite stones
  • Uric acid stones
  • Oxalate stones
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