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HORMONES 2
- PANCREAS, PINEAL AND THYMUS
- PANCREAS - Consists of 2 different tissues
- EXOCRINE TISSUE and associated ducts
- Produce an alkaline fluid with digestive enzymes
- delivered to small intestines to aid digestion
- Endocrine cells secrete INSULIN AND GLUCAGON
- Endocrine portion of pancreas - ISLETS OF LANGERHANS
- 3 Major cell types -
- Alpha Cells - secrete Glucagon
- Beta cells - secrete Insulin
- Delta cells - secrete somatostatin
- Alpha Cells - secrete Glucagon
- 3 Major cell types -
- EXOCRINE TISSUE and associated ducts
- INSULIN AND GLUCAGON - regulators of blood glucose
- TYPE I/INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES
- Deficiency of insulin - destruction of PANCREATIC B-CELLS
- Due to AUTOIMMUNITY
- Due to AUTOIMMUNITY
- Deficiency of insulin - destruction of PANCREATIC B-CELLS
- INCREASED in glucose levels stimulates the release of INSULIN
- Insulin acts on cells to stimulate uptake, utilize and storage of Glucose
- Insulin acts on cells to stimulate uptake, utilize and storage of Glucose
- TYPE II/NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES
- Deficiency of insulin -changes of INSULIN RECEPTORS on cells
- Blood Glucose levels become high as the cells do not receive signal
- Blood Glucose levels become high as the cells do not receive signal
- Deficiency of insulin -changes of INSULIN RECEPTORS on cells
- Insulin acts on LIVER to take up GLUCOSE from blood and store as GLYCOGEN
- Acts on fat(adipose) to stimulate the uptake of glucose and convert to fat
- Acts on fat(adipose) to stimulate the uptake of glucose and convert to fat
- THE PINEAL GLAND - Consist of a portion of neurones, neurological cells
- Specialised secretory cells-PINEALOCYTES
- They synthesize MELATONIN and secrete it directly into CBF
- MELATONIN affects reproductive development and daily physiological cycles
- Synthesise and secretion directly affected by light exposure
- Synthesise and secretion directly affected by light exposure
- MELATONIN affects reproductive development and daily physiological cycles
- They synthesize MELATONIN and secrete it directly into CBF
- Specialised secretory cells-PINEALOCYTES
- THE THYMUS
- Grows during childhood - decreases in size after puberty
- Secretes hormone thymosins
- They stimulate development and differentiation of T-Lymphocytes
- They stimulate development and differentiation of T-Lymphocytes
- Secretes hormone thymosins
- Grows during childhood - decreases in size after puberty
- SERETONIN - Platelets, homeostasis, intestinal secretion and contraction
- GASTRO INTESTINAL HORMONES - Gastrin
- GASTRO INTESTINAL HORMONES - Gastrin
- HISTAMINE- Mast cell/basophils part of the inflammatory process
- PROSTAGLANDINS - Inflammation, clotting, pain production, bp and heart rate
- ERYTHROPOIETIN - ERYTHROPOEISIS
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