Graphic Communication

Graphic Communication

1. Design Principles

   • Balance
     • Keep a good balance of graphic and text
       • Don't over power it
   • Contrast
     • Use different text styles
     • gives it an eye catching quality
   • Emphasis/Dominace
     • Make the important bits stand out
     • Use underlining and bold the emphasis information
   • Rhythm
     • Make the reader want to read it
     • Keep it flowing
   • Alignment
     • Align elements in the article to make it stand out.
   • Proximity/Unity
   • White Space
     • Makes it more readable
   • Flow
     • Keep the article flowing with information and graphics.

2. Design Elements

   • Lines
     • To divide the article
   • Shape
     • Helps to keep the reader interested
   • Texture
     • Physical
       • the smoothness of the article
     • Visual
       • For graphics
   • Size
     • Things with the biggest size are the thing people see first
   • Colour
     • Keep your article bright and colourful
   • Value
     • Colour Tones
       • Makes it more dramatic
   • Mass
     • Things with a higher mass tend to stand out more

3. Site Plans

   • Location Plan
     • 1:1250 Scale
     • Site map of the neighbourhood
     • Showing building and streets
     • Used to apply for planning permission
   • Site Plan
     • 1:200 Scale
     • Of a single plot
     • Shows pre - exsisting fixed objects
     • What might be shown
       • Dimensions
         • To help with foundations
       • Underground drainage
       • Contour lines
         • Showing slope and elevation
   • Floor Plan
     • 1:50 scale
     • Shows doors and windows
     • Show fixed items
       • Bathroom
       • Kitchen fittings
     • May show
       • Dimensions
       • Electrical items
         • Sockets
         • Switches
         • Lights
   • 2:1
     • Twice the size of full scale

4. Colour

   • Primary colours
     • Red
     • Yellow
     • Blue
   • Secondary
     • Orange
     • Green
     • Purple
   • Contrasting colours
     • Apart on the colour wheel
   • Harmonising colours
     • Close on the colour wheel
   • Warm colours
     • red
     • yellow
     • orange
   • Cool colours
     • blue
     • green
     • gray

5. Most common building objects

   • Lamp
   • Switch
   • Socket
   • Insulation
   • Brickwork
   • Concrete
   • Sawn Wood
   • Window
   • Door
   • Sink top
   • Sink
   • Bath
   • Washbasin
   • Shower tray
   • Radiator
   • In-line valve
   • Junctions
   • Crossover

6. Desktop Publishing Terms

   • Handles
     • devices that surround an object when it is selected or active on the page
   • Alignment
     • How an object or text is lined up with other things in the page
   • Text Run-around
     • Technique of setting the text to follow the contour of an object
   • Orphan
     • A word left at the end of a page that is connected to text in a following page
   • OCR
     • Optical Character Recognition
     • using a scanner to scan objects that the text can be edited within word processing
   • Headline
     • Usually at the top of a page
     • Usually the larges text in the page
   • Running Headline
     • A title that runs across a double paged article
   • Sub- Headline
     • A heading that is smaller than the headline
   • Rule
     • A single line that is used to separate text into columns
   • Captions
     • text about an image
   • Gutters
     • The space between columns
   • Margins
     • The space between the edge of the paper and the text/graphics
   • Orientation
     • The positioning of paper
       • Landscape
       • Portrait
   • Font
     • The term used to describe every letter

7. Drawing Symbols

   • Visible Line
     • A thick, continuous line
   • Projection Line
     • A thin, continuous line
   • Hidden Outline
     • A thin, broken line
   • Centre Line
     • A thin chain line
   • Fold Line
     • A thin double dashed chain line
   • Cross-Hatching
     • Looks like its been cut
   • Third Angle Projection
     • To help explain layout

Images and files in the map